What Is Lithography Printing and Why Is It So Expensive?

Lithography is a traditional printmaking technique that dates back to the late 18th century. At its core, lithography works on the principle that oil and water don’t mix. An artist draws directly onto a flat stone (or metal plate) using an oil-based medium. The stone is then chemically treated so that the drawn areas attract ink, while the rest repels it. When pressed onto paper, the inked design transfers to create a print.

What sets lithography apart is the level of detail and texture it can capture. Unlike digital printing, each lithograph is manually inked and pressed, often requiring multiple layers and colors. This hands-on process takes significant time, skill, and precision.

So why is it expensive?

1. Artisan Labor: Every print is hand-crafted, sometimes with the artist present or directly involved. It’s not mass production—each impression takes time and attention.

2. Limited Editions: Lithographs are usually produced in small runs, often signed and numbered by the artist. Fewer prints mean higher value.

3. Materials and Equipment: Traditional lithography uses limestone slabs or specialized metal plates, custom inks, and large manual presses—not your everyday printer setup.

4. Artistic Value: Lithographs are often considered collectible fine art, especially when made by established or emerging artists.

In short, lithography isn’t just printing—it’s craftsmanship. The price reflects both the artistry and the rarity of each piece.